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Database Management System And Its Important Terms
1. Database Management System
- A DBMS is a software application which provides interaction with a database.
- It provide interface between the database and the users or applications.
- It store, retrieve, update and manage all data very efficiently and securely.
2. Data
- It is a structured or unstructured information.
- It is stored and managed within a database.
- E.g. text, numbers, dates, images, audios, videos etc.
3. Database
- It is a structured collection of data.
- It is stored and managed using special software.
- It provide centralized repository for storing various data like text, numbers, images and multimedia files.
- It provide efficient storage, retrieval and manipulation.
- It consists one or more tables. Each table contains rows and columns that represent individual records and attributes, respectively.
4. Information
- “Information” is a processed and organized data that has been interpreted or analyzed to provide meaning or context.
5. Metadata
- “Metadata” is a data about data.
- It provides important information about the characteristics of the data stored in a database.
- It manage data assets, facilitating their discovery, interpretation and utilization.
6. Field
- “Field” refers to a single piece of data within a database table.
- Fields are also known as columns or attributes.
- It represents a specific characteristic or property of the entities being stored.
7. Record
- A “record” refers to a complete set of related data or information about a single entity stored in a database table.
- Records are also known as rows or tuples.
8. Data Dictionary
- It is a central repository that contains metadata and detailed descriptions of the data elements.
- It provides information about the structure and properties of the data.
- It helps users to understand and manage the database effectively.
9. Data Warehouse
- It is a specialized database.
- It stores and manages large volumes of data from various sources.
- It is used for data analysis and decision-making processes.
10. Primary Key
- It is a unique identification for each record in a table.
- It establish relationships between tables.
11. Foreign Key
- It is a field in one table that refers to the primary key in another table.
- It establish a relationship between the two tables and support data normalization.
- It ensure consistency and accuracy in the data.
12. Normalization
- It is the process of organizing data in a database efficiently.
- It reducing redundancy and dependency.
- It involves dividing large tables into smaller ones and defining relationships between them.
- It minimize data duplication and improve data integrity.
13. Query
- It is a request for data or information from a database.
- It is generally written in a query language like, SQL (Structured Query Language).
- It performs various operations like inserting, updating or deleting data.
14. Index
- It works like a roadmap.
- It quickly locate and access the desired data and improve query performance.
15. Schema
- It is the structure that defines the organization of data in a database.
- It includes the tables, fields, data types, relationships, constraints and other properties.
16. Transaction
- It is a single unit of work performed within a database management system.
- It consists of one or more database operations (like, read, write) that are treated as a single logical unit.
